In a study of 18-45 year olds with untreated mild hypertension combined with ‘moderate coffee use’ (1-3 espressos a day) were three times as likely to have a cardiovascular event (mostly a heart attack) within a decade as those who did not drink coffee. If your patient indicates they have hypertension and ‘moderate coffee use’ you may want to discuss the potential risks with them as well as strategies for cutting back on caffeine consumption. Intake forms on all patients can be improved by routinely taking blood pressure and asking about coffee consumption.